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Medical Disposables Corp. :: Mononucleosis
NEW!
Mononucleosis
Rapid Test Device
Causes and Symptoms o Mononucleosis Infection
• OVERVIEW: Infectious Mononucleosis (IM) is
caused by the Epstein-Barr virus, which is a member of the
herpesvirus family. Symptoms of IM are fever, sore throat and
swollen lymph glands. In very rare cases, heart or central nervous
system problems may occur. Diagnosis of IM is made based on the
presence of heterophile antibodies. Infectious mononucleosis
heterophile antibodies belong to the IgM class. They are present in
80-90% of acute IM cases and can be detected in 60-70% of patients
during the first week of clinical illness.
• Infectious Mononucleosis is caused by the Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV),
a common member of the herpes family of viruses. It is transmitted
via saliva, which is why mono is sometimes referred to as the
“kissing disease”. However, it can also be transmitted by sharing
drinking glasses, eating utensils, dishes or a toothbrush with
someone who has EBV.
• Most people have been infected with EBV by adulthood, but not all
develop IM as an outcome. IM is most serious when it occurs during
adolescence or adulthood.
• The incubation period for developing IM is anywhere from 10 to 60
days, though 7 to 14 days is common for children and adolescents.
EBV can stay active in a person weeks or months after all overt
symptoms of IM are gone, so the virus can be spread before symptoms
show and for weeks to months after symptomatic infection as well.
• IM begins with flu-like symptoms such as fever, headache, general
malaise and lethargy. After a few days, the lymph glands begin to
swell, especially those in the neck, armpits and groin. Most people
develop a sore throat, which can be very severe. Symptoms may
continue for 2-3 weeks or more.
• In many cases, the spleen will become enlarged causing soreness in
the upper left abdomen. A ruptured spleen is a potentially serious
complication of IM. Others include liver failure, low platelet count
and a swelling of the covering of the brain and spinal cord, but
these are very rare.
• The usual treatment for mono is rest and non-prescription pain and
inflammation relievers. Steroids are sometimes prescribed to relieve
more serious, related symptoms.
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